Erythema or induration within 2 cm of the catheter exit site, in the absence of concomitant bloodstream infection (BSI) and without concomitant purulence (pus).
Letter: e
Risk factors originating outside the patient including sources of microbial contamination (e.g. surgical team, water, environmental surfaces, air, insufficiently cleaned/sterilized devices, reused syringes, contaminated donor organs) or of reduced resistance to infection (not maintaining patient normothermia, leaving lint or powder in the surgical wound, allowing tissues to desiccate, etc.).
A measure of the elastic properties of the lung generated during expiration; the curve is produced when the transpulmonary pressure (or distending pressure) is plotted against the lung volume during deflation.
The amount of air (approximately 1.2 L) that can be expelled at the end of normal tidal breath through forceful contraction of the accessory expiratory group of muscles.
The time the disinfectant must be in contact with the targeted organism to inactivate or kill it under the conditions stated on the manufacturers label instructions. For example, if the kill time for a spore is 10 minutes, the use dilution of a liquid disinfectant must remain wet and in contact for the entire 10 minutes, and not be wiped off or dry of its own accord until the 10 minute kill time is completed.
Oxygenation of the blood outside the body (e.g., on pump or cardiopulmonary bypass).
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is conducted by passing the patients blood through a unit that extracts C02 from the patients blood and incorporates O2 into the processed blood pumped back into the patient.
The leakage of intravenous drugs from the vein into the surrounding tissue. Extravasation injury usually refers to the damage caused by leakage of solutions from the vein to the surrounding tissue spaces during intravenous administration.
Normal, spontaneous breathing resulting in the movement of the tidal volume of air (approximately 500 mL) by the gentle movement of the diaphragm.
Determines the level of a target even though it may be in very low concentrations. Advantages include the ability to adapt this assay to test for latex glove antigen (allergen) by utilizing a known amount of IgE antibodies to latex proteins derived from pooled serum; results expressed as mg/gm or ppm (allergen/gram of glove). The major disadvantage is that the level of antibody present is not necessarily directly related to the severity of the allergic response; an individual can have very little IgE and still have a severe response. SEE: ELISA