Chlorhexidine gluconate antiseptic – A skin preparation that kills bacteria by disrupting its cell membrane and precipitating the cell contents. CHG has a persistent effect and has cumulative biocidal action. Keep out of ears and eyes. The addition of ethyl alcohol (50-70%) or isopropyl alcohol (70-95%) speeds the bacterial kill effect. It kills both gram-positive and gram-negative microbes, although it is less effective with some gram-negative microbes. It is scored as fair against yeasts and fungi, and is effective against enveloped viruses, but not non-enveloped viruses. It does not kill spores. It is both bactericidal and bacteriostatic depending on concentration, microorganism and environment. If there is a contraindication to chlorhexidine, tincture of iodine, an iodophor, or 70% alcohol can be used as alternatives
Letter: c
The shift of chloride ions from the plasma into the red blood cells upon the addition of carbon dioxide from the tissues, and the reverse movement when carbon dioxide is released in the lungs. It is a mechanism for maintaining constant pH of the blood. SYN: anion shift.
A condition of hyperventilation lasting for more than 24 hours. The condition results in respiratory alkalosis. Renal (kidney) compensation includes the excretion of additional bicarbonate from the body.
Having sudden or slow onset of any intensity pain from mild to severe, being constant or recurring without an anticipated or predictable end and a duration of greater than 6 months.
A condition resulting from prolonged hypoventilation (for more than 24 hours); the condition results in respiratory acidosis and generally involves renal compensation as the kidneys attempt to reabsorb additional bicarbonate from the glomerular filtrate.
Waste products that leave the stomach through the small intestine and then pass through the ileocecal valve.
These devices allow access to a catheter.
A balloon that is connected to a catheter. After the catheter is positioned, the balloon is inflated to secure the position of the catheter or widen (dilate) areas that are constricted (stenosis) or where deposits narrow (atherosclerosis).
Healthcare workers have customarily used tape or sutures to secure medical catheters. Typically, they use sutures for central venous catheters, arterial catheters, endotracheal tubes and chest tubes. More recently engineered solutions such as improved adhesive products and securement devices have been introduced to reduce or eliminate the need for sutures, reduce needlestick risk for staff, improving device position stability and reducing patient risk of infection.
Bloodstream infection in which the CVC is identified as the source of infection based on laboratory findings from cultures isolated from the catheter itself.